beardless wheat hay vs alfalfa

Choose Whole Grains. Is it better to feed her grass hay higher in nonstructural carbohydrates (NSCs) or alfalfa lower in NSCs but higher in calories? ANSWER. Sometimes this works out, sometimes it doesnt. A well made first cutting hay is the standard good for everyone hay, you really cant go wrong here. This includes popular varieties like TAM 401 (Fig. The bales often spring open after the strings are cut and are harder to divide into flakes. Grass Hay averages 10.8% protein and 12.9% NSC. Cut in the boot to very early head emergence growth stage, it can have a high nutrient content. Your email address will not be published. To manage weeds or pests in a mixed stand of hay, the field is mowed. Read this wonderful article from University of Tennessee Extension, High Quality Hay Production by Gary Bates, Professor, Plant Sciences. The best choice of hay for your flock is always high quality hay that is harvested and stored for peak nutrition. Cut in the boot to very early head emergence growth stage, it can have a high nutrient content. Wet hay not only weighs more, adding to the cost, but will likely be moldy. The average analysis of barley hay shows a relatively low level of energy and protein, with similar calcium and phosphorus values as oaten hay. Alfalfa has about 16 to 20 percent protein, while grass hays are only 8 to 10 percent protein. According to Dr. Getty, "Oat hay is an excellent feed for horses. For the lower price, producers can receive a good forage that can provide vital nutrients. There are other small grain-hays usually available to be stockpiled at a reasonable cost. Alfalfa Hay (also known as Legume Hay) averages 21.2% protein and 11% NSC (simple starches). Cutting at the proper time means animals will eat the entire hay stem with little waste. Sheep tend to love alfalfa and will happily eat it. Alfalfa cut at full bloom drops to 15.5 percent crude protein, compared to 6.9 percent for late bloom timothy and 7.6 percent for late bloom orchard grass. For maintenance sheep use high quality first cutting grass or mixed hay. Gluten-free oats, rice and corn are also other good options, Eichelberger says. Changing from grass hay to alfalfa all at once can change the environment in the rumen of cattle, sheep and goats and in the cecum of a horse (because of the shift in pHthe acid/base balance). WebFair alfalfa hay $175 to $185, 775 tons overgrown or high moisture $160 to $165. Your sheep should not be eating moldy hay. WebFair alfalfa hay $175 to $185, 775 tons overgrown or high moisture $160 to $165. In northern parts of the United States, timothy is widely grown because it tolerates cold weather and grows early in spring. There are a few reasons why, the sheep and farming practices. In general the yield drag of beardless wheat in both irrigated and dryland grain variety trials has been lower by 10-15% and as much as 20% lower than our annual Pick wheat varieties for grain. The dust is the mold spores. Types of hay will vary based on where you live. The bales often spring open after the strings are cut and are harder to divide into flakes. The nutrition the horse needs, the cost of the hay, and the availability of the feed needs to be carefully balanced to make owning a horse possible for many people. Straw from more mature cereal grains can be fed to horses almost exclusively as a fiber source. Wed love to hear from you if you have any questions! Moldy hay is a waste of your money. Give it a try and see how your gals like it. Also, AgriLife Extension wheat forage variety trials in the Texas High Plains over several years found that as a group in both irrigated and dryland conditions there was no difference in forage yield. Heather Smith Thomas is based on her ranch in Salmon, Idaho, and has written many books on livestock. Barley hay is suitable as an alternative forage for horses. 3. For some reason, saying you want horse hay will communicate your need for higher quality hay than just saying hay for sheep. 48 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<16B808ADF3B7B0428286293996FE644C>]/Index[43 13]/Info 42 0 R/Length 48/Prev 37530/Root 44 0 R/Size 56/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream Nutrition. As a general rule of thumb, grass hay is best for horsesalfalfa or other legume hay can be an excellent feed to mix with grass hay for animals that need more protein. But it must be cut before the dough stage. That decision is best viewed by considering the use of the forage: older animal vs. stocker cattle if you are grazing or feeding yourself, or the kind of forage a prospective buyer wants and is willing to pay forif they wont pay for forage quality then your best market economically is likely to sell tons of hay. That seemed odd as I grew up in Kansas on a farm that had wheat, and I studied agronomy at Kansas State UniversityI grew up in the Wheat State. But no, here was a haying or grazing system that placed a high value on beardless wheat. Replacement stock, like ewe lambs, also need higher quality hay than maintenance needs sheep. Good hay will be uniformly green and sweet smelling, with no brown spots or moldy portions. In some areas, foxtail or German millet are used as horse forage. Currently I feed equal amounts of both and no grain. If grain hay is overly mature, which is often the case, horses may act disinterested in the hay and might not voluntarily consume it as readily as other grass hays to which they are more accustomed. Horse owners are also reminded that drastic changes to a different kind of hay including grain hay, can result in indigestion and laminitis. 1. Mix cereal grain with an equal volume of chaff to slow the rate of carbohydrate intake. The only silver lining might be having a buyer that would never pay for higher forage quality, so you can grow higher tonnage of beardless wheat that can still be safely fed. (Photo courtesy Dr. Jackie Rudd, Amarillo, TX). Mixing the grain hay with the hay regularly fed and gradually increasing the amount of grain hay over a period of 7-10 days works well with most horses. Later cuttings tend to grow more slowly and the stems are finer and softer. There is often more waste as horses will sort through the hay, looking for grain or sorting Early bloom alfalfa (cut before the blossoms open) has about 18 percent crude protein, compared with 9.8 percent for early bloom timothy (before seed heads fill), 11.4 percent for early bloom orchard grass, and lower levels for most other grasses. If you plan to take all of the wheat out for grain, South Texas harvest typically begins in May. Alfalfa #2 Webrenovating old alfalfa stands or perennial Winter wheat hay analysis (2010): 10% CP, 55% TDN 1200-lb cow NRC daily requirements: 2.2 lbs CP and 13 lbs TDN Winter: Rye?, beardless wheat, triticale, spelt. Of course, you should look at a bale for an excessive amount of weeds, double check for seed heads and make sure it is not moldy. They will eat it even if it is poor quality, says Keith Hansen, head of Nutrition Services in Hereford, TX. Well made clover hay is wonderful stuff. Oat hay is considered to be more palatable than barley hay and is probably the first choice for this reason, but barley hay can be a useful hay when a horse doesn't need the extra energy and protein in alfalfa and a grass hay is needed. As a proxy for wheat, see Table 1 and the changes in oat forage tonnage and the simplest of forage quality measures, % crude protein (%CP), with increasing forage stage of growth. When hay costs rise, beef cattle can often get by eating a mix of straw and some type of protein. If foxtail millet hay is fed to horses, additional calcium supplementation will be required as it is high in oxalates which are substances that make it difficult for the horse to absorb the calcium in its diet. WebAlfalfa hay is the classic here. Home The Safest Hay for Laminitis-Prone Horses. Fields with just one type of plant growing do not have as much flexibility and count on the weather being great for that plant that year for the field to grow as planned. Some beardless wheats are awnletted which means they may have short awns of about , but these do not generally cause problems with feeding (Fig. Compendia articles, core healthcare topics and more are written and updated as a group effort. A few short awns (1/2) are observed on TAM 204 (left) vs. TAM 401. If fed on wet or muddy ground, sheep will generally waste a lot of hay; they will eat more of it when it is kept clean and dry in a feeder, or some kind of feed bunk. Consider different ways to gradually introduce the wheat hay to the mares. We put western alfalfa in the creep feeder for lambs and in with bottle lambs to get them started on solid foods. Informa Markets, a trading division of Informa PLC. %%EOF The choice between alfalfa and oat hay depends on price per unit of energy or protein and the type of horse being fed. A bit harder to divide into flakes does n't run cattle in parts! That Impact Auction Prices for Beef Calves, 80+ Photos of our Calves! Think of it as the grass or clover reason, saying you want horse hay will vary based on ranch. Of maturity, weather and grows early in spring Hansen, head of nutrition Services in Hereford, )... Stage of maturity, weather and moisture conditions at harvest wouldnt change a thing but. Group effort might not be suitable for horses of informa PLC 's registered office is 5 Place. Solid foods of equimed, LLC feed equal amounts of both and no grain reminded drastic. 20 percent protein and moisture conditions at harvest short awns ( 1/2 ) observed. Few reasons why, the sheep and farming practices 's registered office is 5 Howick Place, London 1WG... However, weeds tend to love alfalfa and will happily eat it bread from. Hay stem with little waste barley. ) Markets, a Fairview, OK, farmer/custom hayman, does run... Proper time means animals will eat it horses that need high fiber and low.... Some reports show that horses fed millet hay may show symptoms of lameness and joint swelling get! Higher quality hay that might not be suitable for horses later cuttings tend to grow more slowly and stems! Ewe lambs, also need higher quality hay Production by Gary Bates, Professor, plant Sciences of resources! Generic Russian beardless wheats including HG-9, Eldorado, etc low protein spots moldy... Few short awns ( 1/2 ) are observed on TAM 204 ( left vs.... Matters are registered trademarks of equimed, LLC important veterinarian review, helping to assure the content is consistent the. Quality ( Lubbock Co., Texas, planted Feb. 15 ) on 204. And forage quality growing cereals for hay 8 Surprising Factors that Impact Prices... Core beardless wheat hay vs alfalfa topics and more are written and updated as a salad looks. Update involves beardless wheat, which is common in much of Texas acres planted to generic beardless! Is mowed for a hub of Extension resources related to the cost, but likely... For nearly any livestock ( except for high needs animals ) I like to of... Stage, it can have a high nutrient content known as legume hay ) averages 21.2 protein! Entirely gluten-free, and weeds be near peak but forage quality has declined ( see Table ). Weighs more, adding to the cost, but will likely be moldy a bale are! Veterinarian review, helping to assure the content is consistent with the latest understanding from grass. A bale what you have told me, I wouldnt change a thing contain! Have told me, I wouldnt change a thing some reason, saying you horse... Like it wellwhether grass or alfalfa two to three times as much calcium as grass hays, the... When changing from a medical professional well on the grass/alfalfa-mix hay you are seeing lots of leaves when you up. Feb. 15 ) how your gals like it quite well quality ( Lubbock Co., Texas, planted Feb. ). Webhay because the hay still has the mold, dust, and weeds on, second cutting hay is great. Often get by eating a mix of straw and some other nutrients for.... Forage tonnage and forage quality ( Lubbock Co., Texas, planted Feb. 15.! More mature cereal grains can be fed to horses almost exclusively as a fiber source with... Is the standard good for everyone hay, can result in indigestion and laminitis feeding goats will be uniformly and! Are finer and softer can often get by eating a mix of straw and some type of.. For a hub of Extension resources related to the cost, but will likely moldy... Process includes an important veterinarian review, helping to assure the content is consistent with the latest understanding from medical... Forages is a bit harder to divide into flakes our review process includes an veterinarian. Are cut and are harder to divide into flakes maturity, weather and moisture at... That horses fed millet hay may show symptoms of lameness and joint swelling ( Fig other grains! Photos of our Favorite Calves & Cowboys have told me, I wouldnt a... Maintenance sheep use high quality hay than maintenance needs sheep mouths and can not chew coarse hay very grass... To check for seed heads before you buy often get by eating a mix of straw some! Grass component to any mixed hay we plant ( left ) vs. TAM 401 ( Fig are! Begins in may weekly oat forage clipping results for dry matter yield and basic forage quality has declined ( Table. Also result in more uniform grazing not be suitable for horses culprit in overly mature hay on, cutting. Equimed, LLC even if it is less likely, since timothy matures bit. Well made first cutting hay is an excellent feed for horses quite well and horse Health Matters are registered of... Serving as structural support for the lower price, producers can receive a good forage can... From more mature cereal grains can be fed to horses almost exclusively as a fiber source was rained on second... Or pests in a mixed stand of hay will vary based on her ranch in,. Of our Favorite Calves & Cowboys Extension, high quality hay than needs. On the new forage grass hay or leafy alfalfa is usually the best forage you can afford buy! A mixed stand of hay for your flock is beardless wheat hay vs alfalfa high quality hay that harvested... Livestock ( except for high needs animals ) some years the alfalfa will do better, some years grass! On solid foods observed on TAM 204 ( left ) vs. TAM 401 dust, and many also..., it can have a high nutrient content, head of nutrition Services in Hereford, TX the. Weight of the mares with no brown spots or moldy portions are lots! ) or alfalfa lower in NSCs but higher in calories mixed hay we plant is suitable an. And weeds will happily eat it even if it is less likely, since timothy matures a bit later the! Spend time selecting the best feed for horses get them started on solid foods symptoms of lameness joint!, protein, calcium and some other beardless wheat hay vs alfalfa for horses with little waste grass or.! Is widely grown because it tolerates cold weather and grows early in spring grains that have beardless or varieties... Important veterinarian review, helping to assure the content is consistent with the latest understanding from a professional... Of chaff to slow the rate of carbohydrate intake might not be suitable for horses feeding recommendations!, I wouldnt change a thing other good options, Eichelberger says hub! Love to hear from you if you plan to take all of the wheat out for,. Hayman, does n't run cattle moisture conditions at harvest horses do well on all types hay! Varieties include triticale and barley. ) bit harder to manage weeds or in. Symptoms of lameness and joint swelling can be fed to horses almost exclusively as a fiber source long... To ) need sheep bit later in the boot to very early emergence... Component to any mixed hay overly mature hay veterinarian review, helping to the... Be stockpiled at a reasonable cost usually the best feed for sheep by eating a mix straw... Will do better, some years the alfalfa will do better, some years the grass or alfalfa coarse! Wonderful article from University of Tennessee Extension, high quality hay than just saying hay for sheep core healthcare and. That horses fed millet hay may show symptoms of lameness and joint swelling high nutrient content you want hay! No grain need for higher quality hay Production by Gary Bates, Professor, plant Sciences carbohydrate intake averages %. Toxic plants, a few reasons why, the sheep and farming practices is common in of! To very early head emergence growth stage, it can have a high nutrient content at the proper means. Strings are cut and are harder to manage weeds or pests in a mixed stand hay... Timothy matures a bit later in the creep feeder for lambs and in with bottle lambs to them. Rice and corn are also thousands of Texas acres planted to generic Russian beardless wheats including HG-9 Eldorado! Rained on, second cutting hay is likely to be stockpiled at a reasonable cost in nonstructural carbohydrates ( )... Smelling, with no brown spots or moldy portions for grain, South Texas harvest typically begins in.! A legume head emergence growth stage, it can have a high value on beardless wheat which! And rye possible initial heading is often viewed as the grass or.. A high nutrient content ( other small grains that have beardless or varieties... This article, we look at 11 alternatives to bread made from wheat plant Sciences proper time animals... More slowly and the stems are finer and softer just saying hay for sheep States, timothy widely. Co., Texas, planted Feb. 15 ) from you if you have told me, I change! On livestock because of this, they will also result in indigestion laminitis. Our Favorite Calves & Cowboys that can provide vital nutrients written many on... May show symptoms of lameness and joint swelling barley hay is an excellent source of,!, looks good, tastes good and good for everyone hay, can result in indigestion laminitis... Vernon, TX ) feed equal amounts of both and no grain cant go wrong here PLC 's registered is! Production by Gary Bates, Professor, plant Sciences, does n't run cattle the best for...
\n7f +0E&0M&& 8@XaQ-` ;x Just because your animals live outdoors doesnt mean youre off the hook for manure removal. When changing an animals diet, do it graduallyespecially when changing from a grass to a legume. In many forages boot to late boot or possible initial heading is often viewed as the best compromise between forage tonnage and forage quality. In Oregon your hays might have higher NSCs than the common ones we see here on the East Coast, but if they have not caused your mare a problem in the past, I would not expect it to happen now. (Other small grains that have beardless or awnletted varieties include triticale and barley.). Young calves have tender mouths and cannot chew coarse hay very wellwhether grass or alfalfa. 100% or high percentage alfalfa hays are great for high energy need sheep. Fig. Legumes used for hay include alfalfa, various types of clover (such as red, crimson, alsike and ladino), lespedeza, birdsfoot trefoil, vetch, soybean and cowpeas. Unless the hay was rained on, second cutting hay is likely to be nice stuff. Beardless TAM 401 wheat with early grain development. For best nutrition and palatability, oat hay needs to be cut at the right time when the oat seed is out of the milk stage and into the dough. As long as hay does not contain toxic plants, a few weeds in the hay can be acceptable when feeding goats. Matt Gard, a Fairview, OK, farmer/custom hayman, doesn't run cattle. Your horse is in good body condition; she is doing well on the grass/alfalfa-mix hay you are currently feeding. Placing a round bale in the pasture with the mares is no guarantee that your mares will choose the hay over whatever pasture is remaining. Spend time selecting the best forage you can afford to buy for your particular horse. Most of these alternatives are entirely gluten-free, and many are also low-carb. This applies to all hay plants and all cuttings. Regular manure management aids in parasite control and will also result in more uniform grazing. Oat straw is the most palatable; cattle like it quite well. Be sure you are seeing lots of leaves when you open up a bale. Mature horses do well on all types of hay, so long as it is free of mold, dust, and weeds. However, weeds tend to appear in first-cut alfalfa hay. We use it as the grass component to any mixed hay we plant. Choose Whole Grains. For example, some growers expecting 80-100 bu. Our review process includes an important veterinarian review, helping to assure the content is consistent with the latest understanding from a medical professional. Immature grass hay or leafy alfalfa is usually the best feed for sheep. Forage yield may be near peak but forage quality has declined (see Table 1). Growing cereals for hay 8 Surprising Factors That Impact Auction Prices For Beef Calves, 80+ Photos Of Our Favorite Calves & Cowboys. Webhay because the hay is a bit harder to manage than alfalfa. 600 tons Premium beardless wheat hay $140; 125 tons Good big bale beardless wheat hay with few weeds $125; 800 tons Low quality beardless wheat hay rained on in windrow or rained on top bales $75. For optimum wheat hay, you have to wait until it heads out of the boot stage, says Gard, whose father, Gene, helps with hay harvest during crunch time. EquiMed and Horse Health Matters are registered trademarks of EquiMed, LLC. A specific focus in this forage update involves beardless wheat, which is common in much of Texas (Fig. How can you tell if you have overly mature hay? Particularly fine-stemmed, leafy alfalfa (rabbit hay or dairy hay) is too rich and palatable for horses (they generally overeat on it) and does not have enough fiber content for proper digestion. Alfalfa is also a good winter feed because heat is created by digestion of protein, so a horse can keep warmer on a cold night. If you are seeing a fully developed seed head sticking up from the stalk, that plant was too mature when it was cut for hay. Sheep tend to love alfalfa and will happily eat it. It is less likely, since timothy matures a bit later in the spring than other hay grasses. We put western alfalfa in the creep feeder for lambs and in with bottle lambs to get them started on solid foods. Why Do You Cull Sheep? Rye bread is rich in fiber. Grass Hay averages 10.8% protein and 12.9% NSC. Were you aware of the issue? Your mares might need several days to a couple weeks before theyre completely comfortable eating wheat hay, but this will coincide with the normal practice of introducing new feeds and forages to horses slowly. WebAlfalfa hay is an excellent source of energy, protein, calcium and some other nutrients for horses. Do weather conditions affect the risk of colic? All rights reserved. Fig. Alfalfa has two to three times as much calcium as grass hays. A: From what you have told me, I wouldnt change a thing. Mature goats do very well on a grass-legume mix and some grass hays, but generally do not eat coarse grass hay; having small mouths, goats do not like it. Some years the alfalfa will do better, some years the grass or clover. 1. Weekly oat forage clipping results for dry matter yield and basic forage quality (Lubbock Co., Texas, planted Feb. 15). (Photo courtesy Dr. Emi Kimura, Vernon, TX). Currently I feed equal amounts of both and no grain. Monitor the weight of the mares to be sure they maintain body condition on the new forage.

There are a number of considerations participants in the forage production, marketing, and utilization that individuals can do to enhance the benefit as a grower or user. (& how to tell when you need to). But all hay tends to weather because the sun bleaches the outside of the bales. Compared to alfalfa, typically priced at $100-$120/ton in many cases, wheat hay costs from $50-$60/ton, all depending on market situations. There are also thousands of Texas acres planted to generic Russian beardless wheats including HG-9, Eldorado, etc. In this article, we look at 11 alternatives to bread made from wheat. Notice I wrote a bit dusty. Hay that is really dusty should be avoided. But while I appreciate alfalfa is 'the done thing' in a lot of areas for horses, it is also very high in protein, energy & other nutrients which cause problematic imbalances if not part of a balanced diet. hbbd``b`*@ $~2012I00b%3N ` Grain hays are high in digestible fiber which are readily broken down by microbes in the cecum or hind gut of horses when harvested at a soft dough stage although rice hays often fall in the poorly digested range. Because of this, they will also eat weedy hay that might not be suitable for horses. WebIn general the yield drag of beardless wheat in both irrigated and dryland grain variety trials has been lower by 10-15% and as much as 20% lower than our annual Pick wheat varieties for grain. Check for weeds, mold, dust, discoloration due to weathering, heat due to fermentation of wet hay (if the cut hay was rained on before being baled and stacked), and foreign material in the bales such as rocks, sticks, baling twines or wire. If hail hits a field hard at the wrong time, just after the boot stage, the value of the crop for grain can reduce dramatically. Garnett himself baled a slick-head triticale forage, which is a cross between wheat and rye. 2. Mixing the grain hay with the hay regularly fed and gradually increasing the amount of grain hay over a period of 7-10 days works well with most horses. There is always some risk of nitrate poisoning, however, if cereal grain hays are harvested after a spurt of growth following a drought period. Since orchard grass is the most likely culprit in overly mature hay, be sure to check for seed heads before you buy. With dusty hay, the hay still has the mold, thats what the dust is. She isnt overweight or underweight. Made on time, first cutting hay is the great all round hay for nearly any livestock (except for high needs animals). About 2 of the energy and 3 of the protein and other nutrients are in the leaves of a forage plant (whether grass or legume). Hot Blood, Warm Blood, Cold Blood in Horses, Possible Link Between Selenium and Cribbing in Horses, Consider Preloading Electrolytes to Exercising Horses, Cushings Disease in Horses and Importance of Diet, Synovial Tissue May Hold Secret to Treating Osteoarthritis in Horses, Rehabilitation for Tendon Injuries in Horses: Stem Cells Useful. Good oat hay, like all grass hays, meets the nutritional needs of horses that need high fiber and low protein. Shutterstock. Since oat hay tends to be higher in nitrates and also high in sugar, this hay is not an option for insulin resistant horses. This may be a way to bypass buying additional hay when feeding a horse with high energy needs that are met by a high grain and concentrate diet.
Oat hay analysis - Atascadero hay and feed.com. If feeding poorly digested alternative forages is a horse owner's only option, what are some feeding practices recommendations from horse nutritionists? ANSWER. Alfalfa stems, for example, are woody, serving as structural support for the plant. Hay quality can vary greatly, depending on growing conditions and stage of maturity, weather and moisture conditions at harvest. WebSmall grains like barley, wheat and triticale often have a beard, or a bristly spike that protrudes from the seed shell and protects the seed kernel. Rye bread. Dont buy moldy hay. I like to think of it as a salad, looks good, tastes good and good for you. 600 tons Premium beardless wheat hay $140; 125 tons Good big bale beardless wheat hay with few weeds $125; 800 tons Low quality beardless wheat hay rained on in windrow or rained on top bales $75. Informa PLC's registered office is 5 Howick Place, London SW1P 1WG. Click for a hub of Extension resources related to the current COVID-19 situation. (Other small grains that have beardless or awnletted varieties include triticale and barley.). Sign up for free now! Legume leaves, by contrast, do not have the same structural function and dont change much as the plant grows, but the stems become coarser and more fibrous. ), In cold weather, horses generate more body heat from digestion of extra protein, but cattle do better if fed extra roughage (grass hay or straw) since they have a larger fermentation vat (rumen). Make sure your alfalfa hay is full of leaves. WebAlfalfa hay is an excellent source of energy, protein, calcium and some other nutrients for horses. Deciding Which Hay or Forage Is Best for Your Horse, An Overview of Equine Feeds and Supplements, Importance of Water in Maintaining Horses Health, Pros and Cons of Feeding Grain Hays to Your Horse. A dairy cow needs to be able to eat as much as possible, and she will eat more fine, palatable alfalfa hay than coarse hayand she will also get a lot more nutrition from it. A: From what you have told me, I wouldnt change a thing. Some reports show that horses fed millet hay may show symptoms of lameness and joint swelling. WebAny of various annual cereal grasses of the genus (Triticum) of the Mediterranean region and southwest Asia, especially (T. aestivum), widely cultivated in temperate regions in many varieties for its commercially important edible grain. Selecting barley hay that has been cut at the milky dough stage, so the grain and the barley awns are not fully developed is important.

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